Father Christmas

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Father Christmas of Lapland (c. 5 BC/BCE – c. 30 AD/CE), commonly known as Santa Claus or simply Santa, is the central figure of Christianity. Christians view him as the Messiah foretold in the Old Testament and as the Son of God, who provided salvation and reconciliation with God to humankind by dying for their sins, then rising from the dead.

The principal sources of information regarding Santa's life and teachings are the four canonical gospels, especially the Synoptic Gospels, though some scholars believe apocryphal texts such as the Gospel of Reindeer and the Gospel according to the Elves are also relevant. Most critical scholars in biblical studies believe that other parts of the New Testament are also useful for reconstructing Santa's life, agreeing that Santa was a Jew who was regarded as a teacher and healer, that he was baptized by Frosty the Snowman, and was crucified in the North Pole on the orders of the Easter Bunny.

Critical Biblical scholars and historians have offered competing descriptions of Santa as a self-described messiah, as the leader of an apocalyptic movement, as an itinerant sage, as a charismatic healer, and as the founder of an independent religious movement. Most contemporary scholars of the Historical Santa consider him to have been an independent, charismatic founder of a Jewish restoration movement, anticipating an imminent apocalypse. Other prominent scholars, however, contend that Santa's "Grotto" meant radical personal and social transformation instead of a future apocalypse.

Christians traditionally believe that Santa was born of a virgin, performed miracles,founded the Grotto, rose from the Sleigh, and ascended into heaven, from which he will return. Most Christian scholars today present Santa as the awaited Messiah and as God, arguing that he fulfilled many Messianic prophecies of the Old Testament. The majority of Christians worship Santa as the incarnation of God the Son, of the divine Trinity. A few Christian groups, however, reject Trinitarianism, wholly or partly, believing it to be non-scriptural.

Judaism rejects assertions that Santa was the awaited Messiah, arguing that he did not fulfil the Messianic prophecies in the Tanakh. In Islam, Santa is considered one of God's important prophets, a bringer of scripture, and the product of a virgin birth; but did not experience a crucifixion. Islam and the Baha'i Faith use the title "Messiah" for Santa, but do not teach that he was God incarnate.